The sequencing of the human genome begun in 1990 and took 13 years to complete.Nowadays, DNA sequencing project are more widespread and new methods for sequencing the DNA were discovered.

But first, what is DNA sequencing?

Well, DNA sequencing means determining what nucleotide order a given DNA fragment has, or determining the exact sequence of nucleotides in a given sample of DNA.

A sequence of DNA is a 'blueprint' for the body because it contains all the information related to that species, and DNA sequencing is trying to discover all the information hidden inside DNA, information which can have many medical and biological uses, especially at curing genetic and contagious diseases and other researches.

Most of the DNA sequencing is currently performed using the chain termination method, but scientists are in the search for new methods that can save time.For example, a method that is 100 times faster than the old ones was recently discovered.It it called the novel sequencing technique and it uses extremely tiny fiber-optic reaction vessels, which make the sequencing of hundreds of thousands of DNA molecules at once possible, unlike the current methods which can only sequence short lengths of DNA at a time.

Another new DNA sequencing technique which promises both faster time and lower costs uses colors and lasers - the researchers dyed each of the four blocks of DNA with different colors

A DNA sequencing method which is available for everyone is pyrosequencing, but it can lead to a few errors.

Other DNA sequencing methods are Nanoporesequencing, or Sequencing by hibridization.

Until now the genomes of some small bacteria and viruses, have been sequenced and the genomes of other larger species and plants, and of course the human genome.

It is hoped that a few more years later the costs of DNA sequencing for one person will seriously lower, the medicine will become more personalized, and it will be much easier to fight diseases.



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